Issues
A study of chromosome aberrations and markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, plasma total antioxidant activity) among females residing in territories contaminated with radionuclides as a result of the Chernobyl accident
«Radiation and Risk», 2018, vol. 27, no. 2, pp.46-61
DOI: 10.21870/0131-3878-2018-27-2-46-61
Authors
Ivanova T.I. – Head of Lab., C. Sc., Biol. A. Tsyb MRRC, Obninsk, Russia. Contacts: 4 Korolyov str., Obninsk, Kaluga region, Russia, 249036. Tel.: (484) 399-32-97*73-70; e-mail:
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.
Fesenko E.V. – Lead. Res., C. Sc., Biol. A. Tsyb MRRC, Obninsk, Russia.
Dzikovskaya L.A. – Sen. Res., C. Sc., Biol. A. Tsyb MRRC, Obninsk, Russia.
Degtyareva E.S. – Res. A. Tsyb MRRC, Obninsk, Russia.
Mkrtchyan L.S. – Lead. Res., C. Sc., Med. A. Tsyb MRRC, Obninsk, Russia.k
Ovsyannikova N.C. – Jun. Res. A. Tsyb MRRC, Obninsk, Russia.
Khorokhorina V.A. – Lead. Res., C. Sc., Biol. A. Tsyb MRRC, Obninsk, Russia.
Krikunova L.I. – Head of Dep., D. Sc., Med., Prof. A. Tsyb MRRC, Obninsk, Russia.
Abstract
The goal of the study was to evaluate cytogenetic assay results and markers of oxidative stress (malonic dialdehyde, plasma antioxidant activity) in women living in territories with different levels of radioactive contamination, as well as those resettled in 1991 from areas recommended for resettlement in "clean" areas. Cytogenetic analysis in peripheral blood lymphocytes was performed according to a standard procedure for 200 women. The controls women (54) were living in Moscow and Obninsk. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was determined in the presence of thiobarbituric acid by means of photometry. The plasma total antioxidant activity (AOA) was measured in the trolox system, ABAP-fluorescein (2,2’-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine)). It was shown that the frequency of chromosomal exchanges in groups of women permanently residing in areas with different levels of contamination did not differ from each other, averaging 0.16 per 100 cells, but exceeds by 4.5 times the same index in the control group (p=0.01). Proportion of individuals with dicentrics in these two groups was of similar magnitude 19% and 15% (p=0.6). In the case of migrants, the percentage of women with dicentricks (53%, p<0.01) and the frequency of dicentrics (0.33 per 100 cells) were al-most twofold higher as compared with those in living permanently in contaminated areas (p=0.002). An analysis of dicentrics distribution revealed a significant difference between "migrants" and those living permanently in contaminated areas (p=0.03). The individual frequency of dicentrics in 75% of the migrants is 0.5 per 100 cells, and in the "permanently living" group in 77% of cases the individual frequency of dicentrics is equal to or greater than 1%. The frequencies of the total number of aberrations, chromosome-type fragments and chromatid aberrations did not significantly differ between groups and with control. A decrease in the plasma AOA level (p<0.005) is observed in the groups of "permanently living" in the contaminated territories comparison with the control and "migrants". The plasma AOA of women with dicentrics is significantly increased in comparison with those who do not have them (103&pl±11.7 and 61.8±2.95 respectively, p=0.001).
Key words
Accident at the Chernobyl NPP, radiobiological effects, chromosomal aberrations, dicentrics, settlers, permanent residents, contaminated territories, total antioxidant activity, lymphocytes, peripheral blood.
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