RADIATION & RISK
Bulletin of the National Radiation and Epidemiological Registry
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Impact of solar activity and the wildfire smoke on the risk of embryonal tumors in young children

«Radiation and Risk», 2020, vol. 29, No. 1, pp.68-78

DOI: 10.21870/0131-3878-2020-29-1-68-78

Authors

Pinaev S.K. – Assistant Prof., C. Sc., Med. FESMU.
Chizhov A.Ya. – Prof. of RUDN University, MD, Honored Scientist of RF, Academician of the REA, Director General of MEC “Mountain Air XXI Century”. Contacts: 8/5-423, Podolskoye shosse, Moscow, 115093, Russia. Tel. +79039695460; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. .

1 Far-East State Medical University, Khabarovsk
2 Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow
3 Mediсo-ecological Center "Mountain Air XXI Century", Moscow

Abstract

The impact of solar activity and intensity of wildfire smoke on the risk of embryonal tumors for young 0-4 years old children born from 1972 over 1988 in the Khabarovsk region is considered in the paper. According to published information, the risk of retinoblastoma increased in years of enhanced solar activity, at the same time, the risk of hepatoblastoma is down. The impact of the maternal exposure to vehicle exhaust fumes increases risk of pediatric retinoblastoma, and parental smoking increases the risk of hepatoblastoma. The continuous study of the impact of solar radiation and wildfires smoke on pediatric embryonal will result in extension of the knowledge about detrimental effects of natural factors on embryonal tumors and development of advanced preventive and protective measures. The cohorts of 0-4 years old children born from 1972 over 1988 resided in the Khabarovsk region were developed. For the whole study period 174 embryonal tumors were registered, including 28 soft tissue tumors, 56 neuroblastomas, 39 nephroblastomas, 35 retinoblastomas and 16 other embryonal tumors. Before the study information on embryonal tumors prevalence in the cohorts under study was updated. Dynamic statistical series were formed and applied to biserial correlation and regression analysis using seven iterations coincidence of a year of high solar activity and a year of birth, the solar activity in the 3-2-1 years before the birth, and in 1-2-3 years after the birth – with respect to impact of solar activity on embryonal tumors development, similar iterations were used for study of relationship between the amount of wildfires and embryonal tumors development. The found relationships were used in multifactor analysis. There was direct linear correlation between solar activity in a year of birth and soft tissue sarcoma incidence (r=0.526; p=0.030). In cohorts of children born from 1974 over 1984 the trend of positive relationship between embryonal nueroblastoma incidence and the number of wildfires in the year of birth (r=0.511; p=0.108) was observed. The strong correlation between the variables was observed from 1976 over 1983 (r=0.736; p=0.037). Nephroblastoma incidence was significantly associated with solar activity in 3 years after the birth (r=0.552; p=0.027). Correlation between retinoblastoma incidence and the number of forest fires in a year of birth in chil-dren born from 1975 through 1988 (r=0.541; p=0.046) was found. Multifactor analysis resulted in strong multiple correlation between embryonal tumors incidence in children born from 1976 over 1983 and the number of forest fires in the year of birth and solar activity in a year after the birth (R=0.912; F(2.5)=12.281; p<0.012), this could be a result of enhancing oncogenic potential of chemical carcinogens of the smoke and intensity of solar radiation in that time period. System analysis of correlation between embryonal tumors incidence and intensity of solar radiation, smoke from natural fires allowed making the suggestion that natural factors made the major contribution to the initiation of the embryonal tumors and showed significant etiopathogenic heterogeneity in the group of malignancies.

Key words
solar radiation, ecology, environmental factors, smoke, wildfires, prenatal, postnatal, children, carcinogenesis, embryonal tumors, soft tissue sarcoma, neuroblastoma, nephroblastoma, Wilms tumor, retinoblastoma.

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