Development and verification of the technology for reconstructing effective radiation doses for the population of Russia affected by the Chernobyl accident

«Radiation and Risk», 2017, vol. 26, No. 3, pp.28-45

DOI: 10.21870/0131-3878-2017-26-3-28-45

Authors

Vlasov O.K.1 – Head of Lab., D.Sc., Tech. A. Tsyb MRRC, Obninsk.
Shchukina N.V.1 – Senior Researcher. A. Tsyb MRRC, Obninsk. Contacts: 4 Korolyov str., Obninsk, Kaluga region, Russia, 249036. Tel.: (484) 399-32-45; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. .
Bruk G.Ya.2 – Head of Lab., C.Sc., Tech. P. Ramzaev Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene, Saint-Petersburg

Abstract

The technology for reconstructing settlement-average annual cumulative radiation doses of internal and external exposure, as well as effective radiation doses for the population of four Russian oblasts radioactively contaminated following the Chernobyl accident is described. Officially approved instructional guidelines on methods for calculating settlement-average doses of external and internal exposure for the population and reference books on radiation doses are used in the study. The developed method is intended to be used in radiation-epidemilogical studies, in particular the studies carried out at the National Radiation Epidemiological Registry (NRER). Results of reconstruction of settlement-average annual cumulative radiation exposure for the period from 1986 over 2016, as well as effective doses for adults matching the reference cumulative doses for the period from 1986 through 1995 are given in the article. Reconstructed cumulative doses over the year 2005 were tested. Reference annual effective doses of external and internal exposure for population of a certain settlement used in radiation-epidemiologic studies to attribute the settlement to a specific zone of population exposure were updated in 2007, 2011 and 2014. Comparison of reconstructed annual radiation doses in 2007, 2011, 2014 and recalculated reference doses with regard to settlement-average doses for population demonstrates goodness of fit between reconstructed and recalculated doses.

Key words
Chernobyl accident, radiation and epidemiological studies, reference books of radiation doses, collection of methodical documents, population, dynamics of doses accumulation, average doses over settlements, dose of critical groups, reconstruction method of radiation doses, annual, cumulative and effective radiation doses, verification of the reconstructed doses.

References

1. Instructional guidelines MU 2.6.1.579-96. Reconstruction of the average effective radiation dose accumulated in 1986-1995 by inhabitants of settlements of the Russian Federation subjected to radioactive contamination due to the accident at the Chernobyl NPP in 1986. Moscow, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 1996. 33 p. (In Russian).

2. Accumulated average effective doses. Radiatsiya i risk – Radiation and Risk, 1999, special issue 1, pp. 3-129. (In Russian).

3. Bruk G.Ya., Balonov M.I., Golikov V.Yu., Bazyukin A.B., Romanovich I.K., Shutov V.N., Zvonova I.A., Zhesko T.V., Konstantinov Yu.O., Parkhomenko V.I., Kravtsova O.S., Kaduka M.V., Kaydanovskiy G.N., Bratilova A.A., Travnikova I.G., Yakovlev V.A., Vlasov A.Yu., Vlasov O.K., Shchukina N.V., Perminova G.S., Lipatova O.V. Marchenko T.A. Average effective radiation doses accumulated from 1986 over 2005 by residents of the settlements located in Bryansk, Kaluga, Orel and Tula regions of the Russian Federation and attributed to zones of radioactive contamination in accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1582, of December 18, 1997 «On approval of the list of settlements located within the zones of radioactive contamination following the Chernobyl accident». Radiatsiya i risk – Radiation and Risk, 2007, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 3-73. (In Russian).

4. Average effective radiation doses accumulated from 1986 over 2001 by residents of the settlements located in Bryansk, Kaluga, Orel and Tula regions of the Russian Federation and attributed to zones of radioactive contamination in accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1582, of December 18, 1997 «On approval of the list of settlements located within the zones of radioactive contamination following the Chernobyl accident». Ed.: G.Ya. Bruk. Moscow, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2002. (In Russian).

5. Bruk G.Ya., Bazyukin A.B., Bratilova A.A., Vlasov A.Yu., Gromov A.V., Zhesko T.V., Kaduka A.N., Kaduka M.V., Kravtsova O.S., Romanovich I.K., Saprykin K.A., Stepanov V.S., Titov N.V., Yakovlev V.A. The average accumulated effective doses (1986-2016) for the population of the settlements of the Russian Federation attributed to the zones of radioactive contamination according to the Russian Federation government resolution «On the approval of the list of the settlements being in the borders of the zones of radioactive contamination due to the Chernobyl NPP accident» No.1074 of 08.10.2015. Radiatsionnaya gygiena – Radiation Hygiene, 2017, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 57-105. (In Russian).

6. Vlasov O.K. Method for reconstructing internal radiation doses for the population based on the conservative assumptions adopted in official methodologies and dose calculations for catalogues. Radiatsiya i risk – Radiation and Risk, 2007, vol. 16, no. 2-4, pp. 109-132. (In Russian).

7. Vlasov O.K., Godko A.M., Shchukina N.V., Korobova T.M. Reconstruction of effective doses for the population living on the territory contaminated after the Chernobyl accident based on official data. Radiatsiya i risk – Radiation and Risk, 2007, vol. 16, no. 2-4, pp. 92-108. (In Russian).

8. Average annual effective radiation doses in 2007 for residents of settlements of the Russian Federation, attributed to zones of radioactive contamination in accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1582, of December 18, 1997 «On approval of the list of settlements located within the zones of radioactive contamination following the Chernobyl accident» (for attributing settlements to a specific zone). Reference-book. Eds.: G.Y. Bruk and I.K. Romanovich. Moscow, Federal Supervision Agency for Customer Protection and Human Welfare, 2008. 115 p. (In Russian).

9. Average annual effective radiation doses in 2011 for residents of settlements of the Russian Federation, attributed to zones of radioactive contamination in accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1582, of December 18, 1997 «On approval of the list of settlements located within the zones of radioactive contamination following the Chernobyl accident» and the Governmental Decree No. 197, of April 7, 2005 «On changing the list of settlements located within the zones of radioactive contamination as a result of the Chernobyl accident» (for attributing settlements to a specific zone): Information materials. Eds.: G.Y. Bruk and I.K. Romanovich. Moscow, Federal Supervision Agency for Customer Protection and Human Welfare, 2012. 166 p. (In Russian).

10. Bruk G.Ya., Bazyukin A.B., Bratilova A.A., Vlasov A.Yu., Goncharova Yu.N., Gromov A.V., Zhesko T.V., Kaduka M.V., Kravtsova O.S., Romanovich I.K., Saprykin K.A., Stepanov V.S., Titov N.V., Travnikova I.G., Tutelyan O.E., Yakovlev V.A. The average annual effective doses for the population in the settlements of the Russian Federation attributed to zones of radioactive contamination due to the Chernobyl accident (for zonation purposes), 2014. Radiatsionnaya gygiena – Radiation Hygiene, 2015, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 32-128. (In Russian).

11. Instructional guidelines MU 2.6.1.784-99. Attributing Russian radioactively contaminated settlements following the Chernobyl accident to a specific zone in accordance with the annual radiation dose for the public. Moscow, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 1999. (In Russian).

12. Instructional guidelines MU 2.6.1.1101-02. Attributing Russian radioactively contaminated settlements following the Chernobyl accident to a specific zone in accordance with the annual radiation dose for the public. Annex No. 1 to MU 2.6.1.784-99. Moscow, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2002. (In Russian).

13. Instructional guidelines MU 2.6.1.2319-08. Attributing Russian radioactively contaminated settlements following the Chernobyl accident to a specific zone in accordance with the annual radiation dose for the public. Annex No. 2 to MU 2.6.1.784-99. Moscow, Federal Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor, 2008. (In Russian).

14. Instructional guidelines MU 2.6.1.3154-13. Attributing Russian radioactively contaminated settlements following the Chernobyl accident to a specific zone in accordance with the annual radiation dose for the public. Amendments N 3 to MU 2.6.1.784-99. Moscow, Federal Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor, 2013. (In Russian).

15. Instructional guidelines MU 2.6.1.2003-05. Estimating average annual effective radiation doses for critical groups of residents of settlements of the Russian Federation exposed to radioactive contamination due to the Chernobyl accident. In: Estimating radiation doses for population of the RF due to the Chernobyl accident. Collection of guidance documents. Ed.: G.G. Onishchenko. Sankt-Peterburg, 2006, 180 p. (In Russian).

16. Data on radioactive contamination of the settlements of the Russian Federation with cesium-137, strontium-90 and plutonium-239+240. Obninsk, Federal Service of Russia for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring, SPA “Typhoon”, 2000, 181 p. (In Russian).

17. Vlasov O.K., Shchukina N.V. Updating of official technique of reconstruction of thyroid and all body internal irradiation dozes of Russian Federation inhabitants, undergone to radioactive fallout owing to ChNPP accident in 1986. Part 4. Radiatsiya i risk – Radiation and Risk, 2010, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 71-93. (In Russian).

18. Vlasov O.K., Shchukina N.V., Chekin S.Yu., Tumanov K.A. Uncertainty in assessment of radiation doses to Russian clean-up workers residing in territories contaminated with radionuclides. Radiatsiya i risk – Radiation and Risk, 2015, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 20-34. (In Russian).

19. Bruk G.Ya., Bazykin A.B., Barkovsky A.N., Bratilova A.A., Vlasov A.Yu., Goncharova Yu.N., Gromov A.V., Zhesko T.V., Ivanov S.A., Kaduka M.V., Kravtsova O.S., Kuchumov V.V., Romanovich I.K., Saprykin K.A., Titov N.V., Travnikova I.G., Yakovlev V.A. The exposure for populations of the Russian Federation due to the Chernobyl accident and main directions of further work in the coming period. Radiatsionnaya gygiena – Radiation Hygiene, 2014, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 72-77.

Full-text article (in Russian)