Prevalence of thyroid abnormalities among children of the south-west area of the Kaluga oblast exposed to radiation in utero during different periods of gestation

«Radiation and Risk», 2006, vol. 15, No. 1-2, pp.49-58

Authors

Gorobets V.F.
Medical Radiological Research Center of RAMS, Obninsk.

Abstract

Cohort study examined incidence of thyroid abnormalities in 560 children under 12 years of age resided in south-west area of the Kaluga oblast with iodine deficiency and contamination with radionuclides following the Chernobyl accident. The children were exposed to radiation from iodine-131 in utero during different periods of gestation, 140 children were exposed to radiation partly in utero and partly in the first weeks (up to 13 weeks) of life. Thyroid abnormalities prevalence among exposed in utero and unexposed 190 children of the same age and territory of residence was compared. Morbidity among exposed children was 2.3 times higher than that among unexposed children. The thyroid was shown to be more sensitive to radiation from incorporate iodine-131 in the 9-14^th weeks of gestation and in the first weeks of postnatal period.

Key words
Thyroid pathology, iodine-deficient and radiation-contaminated region, Chernobyl accident, irradiation at different gestation times, incidence of irradiated children, incorporation of technogenic iodine-131, thyroid gland.

References

1. Avramenko N.L. Function of thyroid gland and specific autoimmune reactions in children of Narodichsky district of Zhytomyr region 2.5 years after the accident at Chernobyl NPP: Author's abstract. dis. ... cand. med. sciences. Obninsk, 1992. 18 p.

2. Epstein E.V., Oleinik V.A., Tronko N.D. Possible thyroid lesions in children exposed to iodine radionuclides as a result of the Chernobyl accident. Probl. endocrinol. 1992. Vol. 38, no.4. P. 21.

3. Mishagin V.A. Radiation damage to the thyroid gland in people living under conditions of goitre endemia. Methods of diagnosis and therapy: Author's abstract. dis. ... Doct. med. sciences. M., 1994. 32 p.

4. Demidchik E.P., Tsyb A.F., Lushnikov E.F. Thyroid cancer in children (consequences of the Chernobyl accident). Moscow, Medicine Publ., 1996. 208 p.

5. Tsyb A.F. Medical consequences of the Chernobyl accident. Med. radiology and radiation security. 1998. Vol. 43, No. 1. PP. 18-23.

6. Orlov M.Yu., Snykov V.P., Khvalenskiy Yu.A. et al. Iodine-131 soil contamination of the European part of the USSR territory after the accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. Atomic Energy. 1996. Vol. 80, no. 6. PP. 466-471.

7. Moskalev Yu.I. Remote effects of exposure to ionizing radiation. Moscow: Medicine, 1991. 464 p.

8. Yarmonenko SP, Vainson AA Radiobiology of humans and animals. Moscow, Higher School Publ., 2004. 549 p.

9. Morshina T.N., Bobovnikova Ts. I., Korpusova Yu.V. Study of geochemical features of a number of areas of the Kaluga region with endemic goiter. Hygiene and Sanitation. 1994. No. 3. PP. 45-47.

10. Beaglehol R., Bonita R., Kjelstrem T. Fundamentals of epidemiology. Trans. from English. Geneva: WHO, 1994. 259 p.

11. Mazurin A.V., Vorontsov I.M. Propaedeutics of childhood diseases. Moscow, Medicine Publ., 1986. 432 p.

12. Album A., Norell S. Introduction to modern epidemiology. Trans. from English. Tallinn: In-t experimental and clinical medicine (Estonia); Danish anticancer society, 1996. 122 p.

13. Toran-Allerand C.D. Normal development of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis: ontogeny of the neuroendocrine unit. The Thyroid. A Fundamental and Clinical Text. Ingbar S.H., Braverman L.E., Eds. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Co, 1986. PP. 7-23.

14. Kobozeva N.V., Gurkin Yu.A. Perinatal Endocrinology: A Guide for Physicians. Leningrad, Medicine Publ., 1986. 312 p.

15. Gregerman R.I. Intrinsic physiologic variables. The Thyroid. A Fundamental and Clinical Text. Ingbar S.H., Braverman L.E., Eds. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Co, 1986. PP. 361-381.

Full-text article (in Russian)