Postchernobyl cancers of the thyroid gland in Ukraine: background and radioinduced cases

"Radiation and Risk", 2005, Special Issue No. 2, pp.112-139

Authors

Likhtarev I.A., Kovgan L.N., Vavilov S.E., Tronko N.D.1, Bogdanova T.I.1, Oleinik V.A.1, Chornobrov A.I.1, Gulak L.O.2
Institute of Radiation Protection of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Scientific Center for Radiation Medicine of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine.
1 Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine.
2 Institute of Oncology of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, National Cancer Registry of Ukraine.

Abstract

One of the main tasks of this message is:
- the allocation of regions (regions) of Ukraine, where the observed increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer is mainly due to the screening-technological effect (the effect of the increase in the observed incidence of thyroid cancer associated with the technological modernization of the diagnosis of various types of thyreopathology and, in particular, the nodular and post-Chernobyl accidents widespread concern of the population (including doctors), as well as the introduction of a number of administrative measures that led to massive endocrinological examinations of children and adolescents and throughout Ukraine.
- Determination of sex-age structure and temporal dynamics of the background incidence of thyroid cancer in various regions of Ukraine. In order to verify the adequacy of the developed models of screening-technological effect and background morbidity, an assessment of the radiation risks of thyroid cancer for the population of northern, most affected regions of Ukraine, covered by direct measurements was performed. The so-called "external background" model was used, in which the parametrized models of screening-technological effect and background morbidity were used to model the expected morbidity. The estimates of radiation risks obtained in this way quite satisfactorily coincided with similar estimates, where the "internal background" model was used.

Keywords
Thyroid cancer, screening-technological effect, external background model, Chernobyl accident, morbidity dynamics, external background model, background morbidity, children and adolescents.

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