The concept of optimization of the radiation protection system in the nuclear industry: management of individual carcinogenic risks and provision of targeted medical care

"Radiation and Risk", 2004, Special Issue, pp.4-62

Authors

Ivanov V.K., Tsyb A.F., Agapov A.M. ¹, Panfilov A.P. ¹, Kaidalov O.V., Gorsky A.I., Maxyutov M.A., Chekin S.Yu., God'ko A.M., Suspicin Yu.V.², Vaiser V.I.³, Kozlov E.P.⁴, Epikhin A.I.⁴
GU - Medical Radiological Research Center of RAMS, Obninsk.
¹ Federal Atomic Energy Agency, Moscow.
² Central Health Hospital No. 8, Obninsk.
³ SSC RF - IPPE, Obninsk.
⁴ Leningrad NPP, Sosnovy Bor.

Abstract

In this paper, we give a comprehensive solution to the three main problems of optimizing radiation protection in the nuclear industry (based on the example of the staff of the SSC RF - IPPE named after A.I. Leipunsky and Leningrad NPP):
1. Radiation risks estimation of induction of oncological diseases with prolonged irradiation and their comparison with existing international recommendations.
2. Identification of groups of potential risk (GPR) at the individual level.
3. Development of basic principles for implementing targeted medical care technology.
It should be noted that for the first time in this paper the conclusions of radiation epidemiological studies on the assessment of risks for personnel in the conditions of normal operation of nuclear industry enterprises are given.

Keywords
Optimization of radiation protection, nuclear industry, assessment of radiation risks, induction of cancer, radiation, personnel risks, dose-effect analysis, oncological morbidity, cohort.

References

1. Clark R. Memorandum. Evolution of the radiation protection system: justification for the need to develop new recommendations ICRP. Trans. from English. R.M. Aleksaksina and N.M. Suvorova. Medical Radiology and Radiation Safety. 2003. Vol. 4c. PP. 26-38.

2. Report of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation for 2000. Appendix J. Levels of exposure and effects from the Chernobyl accident. Trans. from English. A.A. Vainson, M.N. Mavkin and S.M. Shinkarev; Ed. Yu.S. Ryabukhin and S.P. Yarmonenko. Moscow, RADEKON Publ., 2001.

3. Ivanov V.K., Tsyb A.F., Maksyutov M.A., Gorsky A.I., Vlasov O.K., Biryukov A.P., Kaidalov O.V., Matveenko E.G., Nilova E.V., Khayit S.E., Kruglova Z.G., Kochergina E.V. Medical radiological consequences of Chernobyl for the population of Russia: estimation of radiation risks. Moscow, Medicine Publ., 2002.

4. Ivanov V.K., Tsyb A.F., Agapov A.M., Ivanov S.I., Panfilov A.P., Kaidalov O.V., Gorsky A.I., Maksyutov M.A., Suspicin Yu.V., Weiser V.I. The Problem of Objective Establishment of Oncoprofpathology of Industrial Workers. Bulletin on Atomic Energy. 2003. No. 5. PP. 37-44.

5. Wakeford R., Antell B., Leigh W. A review of probability of causation and its use in a compensation scheme for nuclear industry workers in the United Kingdom //Health Physics. 1998. V. 74, N 1. P. 1 -9.

6. Breslow N.E., Day N.E. Statistical methods in cancer research. IARC scientific publication No. 82. Lyon: IARC, 1987. PP. 91-96.

7. Preston D.L., Lubin J.H., Pierce D.A., McConney M.E. EPICURE. Seatle, USA: Hirosoft International Corporation, 1993.

8. Handbook of Applied Statistics. Tranl. from the English; Edited by E. Lloyd and W. Lederman. Moscow, Finance and Statistics Publ., 1989.

9. Cox D., Hinckley D. Theoretical statistics (translated from English). Moscow, Mir Publ., 1978.

10. Pierce D., Shimizu Y., Preston D., Vaeth M., Mabuchi K. Studies of the mortality of atomic bomb survivors. Report 12, Part I. Cancer: 1950-1990 Radiation Research. 1996. Vol. 146. PP. 1-27.

11. Thompson D., Mabuchi K., Ron E., Soda M., Tokunaga M., Ochikubo S., Sugomoto S., Ikeda T., Terasaki M., Izumi S., Preston D.L. Cancer incidence in atomic bomb survivors. Part II: Solid tumors 1950-1986. Radiation Research. 1994. Vol. 137. PP. s17-s67.

12. Little M., Muirhead C. Curvature in the cancer mortality dose response in Japanese atomic bomb survivors: absence of evidence of threshold. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 1998. Vol. 74, No. 4. PP. 471-480.

13. Heidenreich W., Paretzke H, Jacob P. No evidence for increased tumor rates below 200 mSv in the atomic bomb survivors data. Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 1997. Vol. 36. PP. 205-207.

14. Pierce D., Preston D. on: "No evidence for increased tumor rates below 200 mSv in the atomic bomb survi¬vors data". Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 1997. Vol. 36. PP. 209-210.

15. Heidenreich W., Paretzke H, Jacob P. Reply to the "Commentary by Pierce D. and Preston D. Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 1997. Vol. 36. PP. 211-212.

16. Preston R. LNT is the best we can do today. Health effects of low level radiation. BNES. 2002. PP. 1-3.

17. Ron E., Muirhead C. The carcinogenic effects of ionizing radiation. Proceedings of a Conference, Seville, Spain, 17-21 Nov. 1997, pp. 165-229.

18. Pierce D., Preston D. Radiation-related cancer risk at low doses among atomic bomb survivors. Radiation Research. 2000. Vol. 154. PP. 178-186.

19. Little M., Muirhead C. Derivation of low-dose extrapolation factors from analysis of curvature in the cancer incidence dose response in Japanese atomic bomb survivors. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 2000. Vol. 76, No. 7. PP. 939-953.

20. Sources, Effects and Risks of Ionizing Radiation. UNSCEAR 1994 report to the General Assembly. New York: UN, 1994.

21. Methods for estimating the probability of cancer from occupational radiation exposure. IAEA-TECD0C-870. VIENNA, 1996. P. 55.

22. Trapeznikov N.N., Axel E.M. Incidence of malignant neoplasms and mortality from them in the CIS countries in 1996 M .: ONC RAMS, 1997. 302 p.

Full-text article (in Russian)